What is the recommended field management for a suspected venomous snakebite?

• A. Keep the patient calm; immobilize limb at heart level; remove jewelry; do not cut or suck; do not apply tourniquet; evacuate.
• B. Run away quickly; suck venom out; apply a tourniquet.
• C. Apply ice and massage the bite.
• D. Keep limb dangling to drain venom.

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is to limit venom spread and get definitive care as quickly as possible. In the field, the best approach is to keep the person calm, immobilize the affected limb with a splint, and keep that limb at heart level to reduce venous and lymphatic drainage of venom. Removing jewelry allows for swelling without constriction as the limb expands. It’s crucial to avoid cutting the bite, trying to suck out venom, or using a tourniquet, because these methods don’t remove venom effectively and can cause additional tissue damage, infection, or circulation problems. After immobilization, evacuate to a medical facility promptly where antivenom may be available. Ice, massage, or keeping the limb dangling are not appropriate and can worsen injury or delay care.